Difference between revisions of "Mammography Image"

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(Created page with "'''Mammography Image Image (NMI)''' specifies how Nuclear Medicine images and result screens are created, exchanged, used and displayed. __TOC__ ==Summary== The Nuclear Medicin...")
 
 
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'''Mammography Image Image (NMI)''' specifies how Nuclear Medicine images and result screens are created, exchanged, used and displayed.
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The '''Mammography Image (MAMMO)''' Profile specifies how Mammography images and evidence objects are created, exchanged, used and displayed.  
  
 
__TOC__
 
__TOC__
  
 
==Summary==
 
==Summary==
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The Nuclear Medicine Image (NMI) Profile specifies basic '''display capabilities''' that are required in nuclear medicine, and provides vendors information as to what features users expect in products that "work well" with nuclear medicine images.  Portions of the profile deal with both '''cardiac''' and '''general nuclear medicine'''.  Other sections of the profile ensure that nuclear medicine images can be stored and retrieved properly, and options deal with '''exporting result screens''' and viewing of tomographic (SPECT) studies.
 
  
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[[Image:Nm-diagram.png]]
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The IHE Mammography Image Profile ensures that the acquired digital mammography images contain all relevant information that is necessary for further image processing, application of CAD, storage, display, review and printing. This profile is absolutely necessary for generating correct digital mammography image content to ensure optimal presentation of images at a mammography review workstation.
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[[file:mammo_display.jpg]]
  
 
==Benefits==
 
==Benefits==
  
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In many medical centers nuclear medicine images are interpreted on dedicated nuclear medicine workstations.  However, nuclear medicine networks have increasingly been linked to hospital and enterprise PACS, to allow images to be viewed by other physicians.  This profile helps ensure that others can view nuclear medicine images properly, and that the images are stored in a manner that allows accurate retrieval and presentation.
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Support for the MAMMO profile will provide the following benefits to your healthcare enterprise:
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* Reduce Errors and Enhance Patient Care
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Complying with NMI can help: 
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** Ensuring proper, consistent creation of patient and technical information
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* '''Nuclear medicine physicians''' by allowing them to distribute their images with confidence that they will be displayed well, and stored in a manner that will ensure they they will be fully functional on retrieval. 
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** Ensures that the acquired images contain the necessary data for identifying patient and technology, and that further image processing and review is correct and meaningful, mainly by:
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* '''General radiologists''', by providing proper display of comparison nuclear medicine images.
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*** Scaling of the image so that images from the same patient, acquired on different detectors can be displayed at the same size or printed in true size
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* '''Consulting cardiologists''', by making it easier for them to view nuclear medicine cardiac images formatted properly, and view clinical application result screens (both static and dynamic) on general purpose DICOM viewers.  
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*** Providing information to proper orientation and hanging of images
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* '''Patients's physicians''', by making it easier for them to view nuclear medicine images and clinical application results when planning patient treatments.
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*** Storing contrast information at the modality so that contrast adjustments do not degrade the quality of displayed images
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*** Clear definition of breast tissue and background air so that if contrast adjustments are made during interpretation of the images, the background blackness will be maintained for optimal viewing of the structure of the breast.
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* Improve Image Quality
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** Improves image display and printing by including relevant data in images
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** Ensures that all technique acquisition parameters are available for review
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** Ensures that the images can be oriented, justified and sized correctly for proper and expeditious interpretation
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** Ensures that presentation images can be used in a consistent manner on different mammography review workstations
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* Increase Throughput
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** Reduces time to read the images. Images will be displayed on the screen oriented so that the important area is automatically displayed and with the correct orientation and sizing.
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* Reduce costs by largely eliminating film printing, management and storage costs.
  
 
==Details==
 
==Details==
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The Mammography Image Profile specifies how DICOM Mammography images and evidence objects are created, exchanged and used. It describes how Acquisition Modalities transfer Full Field Digital Mammography (FFDM) Images, how CAD systems act as Evidence Creators, and how Image Displays should retrieve and make use of images and CAD results. It defines the basic display capabilities Image Displays are expected to provide, and which attributes should be used to implement those capabilities.
  
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When nuclear medicine (NM) images are stored using DICOM, they are formatted as DICOM NM image objects.  DICOM NM objects have a number of features that differ from more common DICOM CT objects for example.  An NM object contains multiple frames, uses color presentations, etc.  Some PACS, particularly older ones, do not deal well with these features and do a poor job of displaying NM images.  The NMI profile clarifies the usage of these NM object details, and explains what types of image displays are expected by the user.
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Managing the process of creating, storing and using Mammography Image content is similar to workflow for other image content (e.g., see Scheduled Workflow and Post-Processing Workflow Profiles).
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When creating NM images, modalities are required to populate attributes with key clinical details and use the multi-frame vectors structures in a standardized way, making datasets more predictable for processing and display systems.
 
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When manipulating NM images, users typically need image controls that are slightly different than the controls needed for CT or plain radiographs.  This profile details the functions and types of controls required for NM display, while leaving the exact user interface details up to the various vendors.
 
  
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Cardiology organizations have agreed that cardiac nuclear medicine images should be displayed in a standardized format, in order to avoid misinterpretation.  The NMI profile provides details of that format to vendors, so that they can be in compliance with the standards.
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The Mammography Image Profile is designed to provide faithful and complete storage and retrieval of Mammography data and sufficient display functionality to allow adequate review of current and prior images and CAD results for the purpose of primary interpretation by radiologists. It should also be sufficient for secondary review for referring physicians. It does not address the use of other modalities appropriate for breast imaging such as MR or US.
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Since some systems deal primarily with cardiac images, and other systems may deal primarily with general NM images, the image display portion of this profile has two main options--general and cardiac--and one or both may be chosen for implementation.
 
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The Result Screen Export option specifies how result screens can be saved by clinical applications and later displayed on general purpose display stations. Static result screens are stored as DICOM Secondary Capture objects.  Dynamic result screens (e.g. with cardiac cine portions) are stored as DICOM Multiframe Secondary Capture objects.
 
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Other options deal with creation of multiplanar reconstructions of tomographic (SPECT) data.
 
  
 
==Systems Affected==
 
==Systems Affected==
  
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* Modalities may create, store, and transmit NM images.
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* Modalities that create, store, and transmit Mammography images.
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* PACS systems may store, manage, and/or display NM images.
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* PACS systems that store, manage, and/or display Mammography images.
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* Display systems may query, retrieve and display NM images.
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* Display systems that query, retrieve and display Mammography images.
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* Workstations may retrieve, process and display NM images, and may create evidence documents.
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* Workstations that retrieve, process and display Mammography images, and may create evidence documents.
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* Printers that print Mammography images in true size
  
 
'''Actors & Transactions:'''
 
'''Actors & Transactions:'''
  
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[[Image:Nmi-actors.png]]
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[[Image:Mammo_actors.jpg]]
  
 
==Specification==
 
==Specification==
  
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'''Profile Status:''' [[Comments| Trial Implementation]]   
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'''Profile Status:''' [[Final Text]]   
  
 
'''Documents:'''  
 
'''Documents:'''  
  
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:* [http://www.ihe.net/Technical_Framework/upload/IHE_RAD_TF_Supp_NMI_TI_2007_05_17.pdf NMI Supplement] - 2007.05.17
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:* [https://www.ihe.net/resources/technical_frameworks/#radiology IHE Radiology Technical Framework]
  
 
'''Underlying Standards:'''
 
'''Underlying Standards:'''
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'''Related Profiles'''
 
'''Related Profiles'''
  
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* [[Scheduled Workflow]] [SWF] can manage the production of NM Images.
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* [[Scheduled Workflow]] [SWF] can manage the production of Digital Mammography Images.
  
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* [[Patient Information Reconciliation]] [PIR] is expected to reconcile NM Images along with the rest of the patient data record.
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* Mammography Acquisition Workflow [MAWF] is handling exceptions occurring during the acquisition workflow like changing the acquisition room, handling of recall scenarios or converting procedures
  
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* [[Reporting Workflow]] [RWF] may use NM Images as inputs to the reporting process.
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* [[Patient Information Reconciliation]] [PIR] is expected to reconcile Mammography Images along with the rest of the patient data record.
  
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* [[Cross-enterprise Document Sharing for Imaging]] [XDS-I] can be used to share NM Images between sites over a network.
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* [[Reporting Workflow]] [RWF] may use Mammography Images as inputs to the reporting process.
  
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* [[Portable Data for Imaging]] [PDI] can store NM Images on media such as CDs.
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* [[Cross-enterprise Document Sharing for Imaging]] [XDS-I] can be used to share Mammography Images between sites over a network.
  
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* [[Import Reconciliation Workflow]] [IRWF] can fix patient ids, etc. of NM Images when importing.
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* [[Portable Data for Imaging]] [PDI] can store Mammography Images on media such as CDs.
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* [[Import Reconciliation Workflow]] [IRWF] can fix patient ids, etc. of Mammography Images when importing.
  
  
 
'''Consumer Information'''
 
'''Consumer Information'''
  
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The [[Profile FAQ Template]] answers typical questions about what the Profile does. ''<Replace the link with a link to the actual FAQ page for the Profile>''
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The [http://www.ihe.net/Resources/upload/IHE_Mammo_Handbook_rev1.pdf IHE Radiology Mammography Users Handbook] describes considerations when purchasing equipment to deploy this Profile.  
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The [[Profile Purchasing Template]] describes considerations when purchasing equipment to deploy this Profile. ''<Replace the link with a link to the actual Purchasing page for the Profile>''
 
  
 
'''Implementer Information'''
 
'''Implementer Information'''
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The [[Profile Implementation Template]] provides additional information about implementing this Profile in software.  ''<Replace the link with a link to the actual Implementation page for the Profile>''
 
  
 
'''Reference Articles'''
 
'''Reference Articles'''
  
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''<List References (good and bad) (with link if possible) to Journal Articles that mention IHE's work (and hopefully include some analysis). Go ahead, Google: IHE <Profile Name> abstract  or Google: IHE <Profile Name> and under the "more" select "Scholar".  You might be surprised. >''
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* ''Storage, Transmission, and Retrieval of Digital Mammography, Including Recommendations on Image Compression''; David Avrin, Richard Morin,David Piraino, Alan Rowberg, Nicholas Detorie, Margarita Zuley,J. Anthony Seibert, Etta D. Pisano; Journal of the American College of Radiology, Volume 3, Issue 8, August 2006, Pages 609–614
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* ''How to Transition to Digital Mammography''; Margarita Zuley; Journal of the American College of Radiology, Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2007, Pages 178–183
  
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* ''IHE: What Is It and What Does It Have To Do with Mammography?''; Margarita Zuley; Seminars in Breast Disease: Radiologic, Pathologic and Surgical Considerations(2006) Volume 9 Issue 2 (Digital Mammography, Part I: Operational Considerations), Pages 82-84
  
 
This page is based on the [[Profile Overview Template]]
 
This page is based on the [[Profile Overview Template]]
  
 
[[Category:Profiles]]
 
[[Category:Profiles]]
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[[Category:RAD Profile]]
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[[Category:DICOM]]

Latest revision as of 18:47, 17 December 2020

The Mammography Image (MAMMO) Profile specifies how Mammography images and evidence objects are created, exchanged, used and displayed.

Summary

The IHE Mammography Image Profile ensures that the acquired digital mammography images contain all relevant information that is necessary for further image processing, application of CAD, storage, display, review and printing. This profile is absolutely necessary for generating correct digital mammography image content to ensure optimal presentation of images at a mammography review workstation.

Mammo display.jpg

Benefits

Support for the MAMMO profile will provide the following benefits to your healthcare enterprise:

  • Reduce Errors and Enhance Patient Care
    • Ensuring proper, consistent creation of patient and technical information
    • Ensures that the acquired images contain the necessary data for identifying patient and technology, and that further image processing and review is correct and meaningful, mainly by:
      • Scaling of the image so that images from the same patient, acquired on different detectors can be displayed at the same size or printed in true size
      • Providing information to proper orientation and hanging of images
      • Storing contrast information at the modality so that contrast adjustments do not degrade the quality of displayed images
      • Clear definition of breast tissue and background air so that if contrast adjustments are made during interpretation of the images, the background blackness will be maintained for optimal viewing of the structure of the breast.
  • Improve Image Quality
    • Improves image display and printing by including relevant data in images
    • Ensures that all technique acquisition parameters are available for review
    • Ensures that the images can be oriented, justified and sized correctly for proper and expeditious interpretation
    • Ensures that presentation images can be used in a consistent manner on different mammography review workstations
  • Increase Throughput
    • Reduces time to read the images. Images will be displayed on the screen oriented so that the important area is automatically displayed and with the correct orientation and sizing.
  • Reduce costs by largely eliminating film printing, management and storage costs.

Details

The Mammography Image Profile specifies how DICOM Mammography images and evidence objects are created, exchanged and used. It describes how Acquisition Modalities transfer Full Field Digital Mammography (FFDM) Images, how CAD systems act as Evidence Creators, and how Image Displays should retrieve and make use of images and CAD results. It defines the basic display capabilities Image Displays are expected to provide, and which attributes should be used to implement those capabilities.

Managing the process of creating, storing and using Mammography Image content is similar to workflow for other image content (e.g., see Scheduled Workflow and Post-Processing Workflow Profiles).

The Mammography Image Profile is designed to provide faithful and complete storage and retrieval of Mammography data and sufficient display functionality to allow adequate review of current and prior images and CAD results for the purpose of primary interpretation by radiologists. It should also be sufficient for secondary review for referring physicians. It does not address the use of other modalities appropriate for breast imaging such as MR or US.

Systems Affected

  • Modalities that create, store, and transmit Mammography images.
  • PACS systems that store, manage, and/or display Mammography images.
  • Display systems that query, retrieve and display Mammography images.
  • Workstations that retrieve, process and display Mammography images, and may create evidence documents.
  • Printers that print Mammography images in true size

Actors & Transactions:

Mammo actors.jpg

Specification

Profile Status: Final Text

Documents:

Underlying Standards:

See Also

Related Profiles

  • Mammography Acquisition Workflow [MAWF] is handling exceptions occurring during the acquisition workflow like changing the acquisition room, handling of recall scenarios or converting procedures


Consumer Information

The IHE Radiology Mammography Users Handbook describes considerations when purchasing equipment to deploy this Profile.

Implementer Information

Reference Articles

  • Storage, Transmission, and Retrieval of Digital Mammography, Including Recommendations on Image Compression; David Avrin, Richard Morin,David Piraino, Alan Rowberg, Nicholas Detorie, Margarita Zuley,J. Anthony Seibert, Etta D. Pisano; Journal of the American College of Radiology, Volume 3, Issue 8, August 2006, Pages 609–614
  • How to Transition to Digital Mammography; Margarita Zuley; Journal of the American College of Radiology, Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2007, Pages 178–183
  • IHE: What Is It and What Does It Have To Do with Mammography?; Margarita Zuley; Seminars in Breast Disease: Radiologic, Pathologic and Surgical Considerations(2006) Volume 9 Issue 2 (Digital Mammography, Part I: Operational Considerations), Pages 82-84

This page is based on the Profile Overview Template

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