Difference between revisions of "Portable Data for Imaging"

Revision as of 14:40, 19 July 2013

Portable Data for Imaging (PDI) provides reliable interchange of image data and diagnostic reports on CDs, DVDs and USB for importing, printing, or optionally, displaying in a browser.

Summary

Portable Data for Imaging further standardizes the distribution of imaging related information on interchange media. This allows users who receive interchange media to more reliably import, process, archive, display or print the imaging related information. The Profile specifies CDs as the physical media, with additional options to handle DVDs and USB Drives.

PDI media is fully DICOM compliant, in fact much of the the PDI specification simply constrains DICOM more tightly for improved compatibility. As such, any DICOM compliant reader should have no trouble reading PDI-compliant media.

Benefits

Reduce Errors and Enhance Patient Care

Reduces gaps in the patient record by providing digital data which can be imported into local systems and integrated in the patient record
Improves patient peace of mind because patients can be directly provided with copies of their personal health information

Reduce Operational Costs

Reduces unnecessary film costs for surgery, referring physicians, or referrals to other sites by providing images on cheap, high capacity media

Improve Data Accessibility

Improves access to data from other institutions and clinics by providing it in a standard digital format on familiar media
Improves access by allowing clinical data consumers (referring physicians, second-opinion radiologists, neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons, other institutions, clinics, referrals, etc.) to access imaging directly on their workstations

Increase Throughput

Avoids time lost scanning film "priors" from other sites by instead providing the original data in digital format

Details

The imaging information placed on the media by the creator can include medical images (CT, MRI, Ultrasound, Angiography, etc) and associated DICOM objects such as encapsulated diagnostic reports, measurements, dose records and clinical application results.

The media must include diagnostic data in DICOM format, which is thus suitable for import for further viewing, processing and archival.

The media may include optional "web viewable" copies of the information, suitable for viewing in a browser (e.g. HTML versions of the reports and JPEG versions of the DICOM images)

The media may also include an optional DICOM Viewer program for receivers who do not have access to a PACS where the images can be imported, or to a workstation on which they can load their preferred DICOM viewer.

The data on the media is generally suitable for display, review, importing and/or printing by the receiver.

The profile constrains the contents of compliant media to:

a standard physical format and file system
a consistent organization of the contents
the most generic DICOM Media Profile

Guidance is provided on physical identification of the media, and how to avoid some of the most common errors when creating DICOM media.

The profile also recommends the contents of a README.TXT file on the media which can help identify the institution and software that produced the media to make it easier to deal with any issues that might arise.

The profile allows for several options (which can be found on the Integration Statement of compliant systems):

DVD Media: able to read and/or write to DVD media.
USB Media: able to read and/or write to USB media.
Basic Viewer: able to burn a viewing application onto the media which complies with the Basic Image Review profile.
Web Content: able supplement the DICOM data with browser viewable versions
Privacy Protection: able to encrypt the media data using either passwords (PBE) or public keys (PKI).
Sending Software: able to burn an application onto the media which can de-crypt, de-compress and convert (as necessary) images on the media and send them to a DICOM PACS or workstation.

Import Reconciliation Workflow [IRWF] (another Profile) supplements PDI by describing how to import DICOM images and reports from PDI discs (or film digitizers) while addressing issues such as mapping to local patient ids and procedure codes.

Systems Affected

Systems which are expected to have implemented actors from this profile include:

Acquisition Modalities which are capable of saving Diagnostic Imaging information to PDI media.
Display Workstations which are capable of either saving or viewing Diagnostic Imaging information to/on PDI media.
Reporting Workstations which are capable of either saving or viewing Diagnostic Imaging/Report information to/on PDI media.
Radiology image management/archiving (i.e. picture and communication systems (PACS)which are capable of saving Diagnostic Imaging information to PDI media.
Workstations which are capable of viewing imaging-related information through a Web Browser or Diagnostic Imaging-related information through the DICOM Viewer provided on the PDI media.

Actors & Transactions:

Specification

Profile Status: Final Text

Documents: IHE Radiology Technical Framework:

IHE Radiology Technical Framework:

Vol. 1 - Section 15
Vol. 3 - Section 4.47, and Appendices E and F

The Options for DVD, USB, Compression and Encryption are in Trial Implementation:

PDI Extensions - 2009

Underlying Standards:

Nuclear Medicine Image [NM] specifies Nuclear Medicine images and result screens.
Mammography Image [MAMMO] specifies Mammography images and evidence.
Evidence Documents [ED] specifies digital measurements.
Key Image Note [KIN] let users flag images as significant (e.g. for referring, for surgery, etc.) and add notes.
Simple Image and Numeric Report [SINR] specifies Diagnostic Radiology Reports.
Radiation Exposure Monitoring [REM] specifies radiation exposure reports.

Consumer Information

The Portable Data for Imaging FAQ answers typical questions about what the Profile does.

Portable Data for Imaging Purchasing describes considerations when purchasing equipment to deploy this Profile.

Implementer Information

The Portable Data for Imaging Implementation provides additional information about implementing this Profile in software.

Reference Articles

Standardizing Portable Medical Imaging Formats to Enhance Safe, Timely, Efficient Care; Board of Trustees Report, American Medical Association, Pg 6 link

ACR–AAPM–SIIM Technical Standard for Electronic Practice of Medical Imaging. J.T. Norweck, et al., SIIM & ACR Publication, Sept. 2012

Medical Imaging Exchange. Keith Boone's Blog, Jan 2012

Importing outside imaging to PACS reduces repeat imaging. Lu MT, Tellis W, Fidelman N, Qayyum A, Avrin DE. American Journal of Roentgenology, in press.
- Related article in Radiology Today - June 2011

Outside Imaging in Emergency Department Transfer Patients: CD Import Reduces Rates of Subsequent Imaging Utilization, Sodickson, A. MD et al, Radiology, (April 2011) link overview

Policies and Procedures for Reviewing Medical Images From Portable Media: Survey of Radiology Departments, Vivek Kalia, MPH, MS, John A. Carrino, MD, MPH, Katarzyna J. Macura, MD, PhD, Journal of the American College of Radiology Volume 8, Issue 1 , Pages 39-48, January 2011 link
- Radiology practices should routinely produce only CDs and DVDs that are compliant with the Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) Portable Data for Imaging (PDI) integration profile, according to a research team led by Vivek Kalia of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore Aunt Minnie
- iHealthbeat Summary

Reviewing Images From Portable Media: An Ongoing Challenge, Katarzyna J. Macura, MD, PhD, John A. Carrino, MD, MPH, Charles E. Kahn Jr, MD, MS, Journal of the American College of Radiology (Jan 2009), link

American Telemedicine Association’s Practice Guidelines for Teledermatology, E. Krupinski et al., Telemedicine and e-Health, April 2008, 14(3): 289-302

Outside Images on CD: A Management Nightmare, R. Morin, Journal of the American College of Radiology, Volume 2, Issue 11, Pages 958-958 (Nov 2005) link

See also Import Reconciliation Workflow Profile references

This page is based on the Profile Template

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Portable Data for Imaging (PDI)''' provides reliable interchange of image data and diagnostic reports on CDs for importing, printing, or optionally, displaying in a browser.
+'''Portable Data for Imaging (PDI)''' provides reliable interchange of image data and diagnostic reports on '''CDs, DVDs and USB''' for importing, printing, or optionally, displaying in a browser.
 __TOC__
 ==Summary==
-Portable Data for Imaging allows users to distribute imaging related information on interchange media.  This allows users to import, display or print imaging related information received through the interchange media.  CD was chosen as the physical transport mechanism.
+Portable Data for Imaging further standardizes the distribution of imaging related information on interchange media.  This allows users who receive interchange media to more reliably import, process, archive, display or print the imaging related information.  The Profile specifies CDs as the physical media, with additional options to handle DVDs and USB Drives.
-[[Image:pdi-picture.JPG]]
+PDI media is '''fully DICOM compliant''', in fact much of the the PDI specification simply constrains DICOM more tightly for improved compatibility.  As such, any DICOM compliant reader should have no trouble reading PDI-compliant media.
+[[Image:pdi-picture.JPG|center|]]
 ==Benefits==
+'''Reduce Errors and Enhance Patient Care'''
+* Reduces gaps in the patient record by providing digital data which can be imported into local systems and integrated in the patient record
+* Improves patient peace of mind because patients can be directly provided with copies of their personal health information
 '''Reduce Operational Costs'''
-* Reduces unnecessary films for surgery, referrals to other sites or referring physicians—modality creates Portable Data for Imaging CDs to be sent to those users
+* Reduces unnecessary film costs for surgery, referring physicians, or referrals to other sites by providing images on cheap, high capacity media
-'''Reduce Errors and Enhance Patient Care'''
+'''Improve Data Accessibility'''
-* Prevents missing data from other sites because the PACS is able to import data sent on CDs and integrate it with the patient’s record
+* Improves access to data from other institutions and clinics by providing it in a standard digital format on familiar media
-* Prevents mismatched patient identifiers in data imported from CDs from other institutions because the PACS reconciles this information to local values at import time
+* Improves access by allowing clinical data consumers (referring physicians, second-opinion radiologists, neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons, other institutions, clinics, referrals, etc.) to access imaging directly on their workstations
-* Improves patient peace of mind because the PACS provides patients with straightforward access to CD copies of their personal health information
 '''Increase Throughput'''
-* Prevents time scanning film priors from other sites—the PACS supports the import and reconciliation of studies on CD
+* Avoids time lost scanning film "priors" from other sites by instead providing the original data in digital format
+==Details==
+The imaging information placed on the media by the creator can include '''medical images (CT, MRI, Ultrasound, Angiography, etc)''' and associated DICOM objects such as '''encapsulated diagnostic reports, measurements, dose records and clinical application results'''.
+The media must include diagnostic data in '''DICOM format''', which is thus suitable for import for further viewing, processing and archival.
+The media may include '''optional "web viewable" copies''' of the information, suitable for viewing in a browser (e.g. HTML versions of the reports and JPEG versions of the DICOM images)
-'''Improve Data Accessibility'''
+The media may also include an '''optional DICOM Viewer''' program for receivers who do not have access to a PACS where the images can be imported, or to a workstation on which they can load their preferred DICOM viewer.
-* Improves access to other sites’ data—the PACS can import and reconcile patient and diagnostic information on CD from other institutions and clinics
-* Improves access by clinical data consumers (referring physicians, second-opinion radiologists, neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons, other institutions, clinics, referrals, etc.)—the PACS exports patient and diagnostic information on CD when a reliable high-speed network connection is missing
+The data on the media is generally suitable for display, review, importing and/or printing by the receiver.
-* Improves patient information portability (a HIPAA issue)—the PACS implements the standardized distribution of patient imaging history on CD
-==Details==
+The profile constrains the contents of compliant media to:
+:* a standard physical format and file system
+:* a consistent organization of the contents
+:* the most generic DICOM Media Profile
-The '''''Portable Data for Imaging Integration Profile''''' specifies
+Guidance is provided on physical identification of the media, and how to avoid some of the most common errors when creating DICOM media.
-:* The reliable interchange of imaging-related information on interchange media to be used for printing, display and import into other enterprises.
-:* All of the imaging-related information must be available in Diagnostic format (DICOM).  This includes:
+The profile also recommends the contents of a README.TXT file on the media which can help identify the institution and software that produced the media to make it easier to deal with any issues that might arise.
-:** Images from Modalities such as CT, X-Ray and MRI.
-:** Diagnostic Reports
-:** Measurements
-:* The physical format of the media (CD) is specified.
+The profile allows for '''several options''' (which can be found on the Integration Statement of compliant systems):
-:* The structure of the media contents is specified.
+:* '''DVD Media''': able to read and/or write to DVD media.
-:* Information on how the Patient/Procedure information from the interchange media should be imported into the local enterprise is specified.
+:* '''USB Media''': able to read and/or write to USB media.
-:* Recommendations on the physicial identification of the media content (via label and document) is specified.
+:* '''Basic Viewer''': able to burn a viewing application onto the media which complies with the [[Basic Image Review]] profile.
+:* '''Web Content''': able supplement the DICOM data with browser viewable versions
+:* '''Privacy Protection''': able to encrypt the media data using either passwords (PBE) or public keys (PKI).
+:* '''Sending Software''': able to burn an application onto the media which can de-crypt, de-compress and convert (as necessary) images on the media and send them to a DICOM PACS or workstation.
-:* Optionally web viewable information may be present on the interchange media.  This includes:
+'''[[Import Reconciliation Workflow]]''' [IRWF] (another Profile) supplements PDI by describing how to import DICOM images and reports from PDI discs (or film digitizers) while addressing issues such as mapping to local patient ids and procedure codes.
-:** An index to access the Web information on the interchange media.
-:** A DICOM Viewer to view the Diagnostic imaging-related information.
-:** Web viewable versions (e.g. JPEG) of the Diagnostic imaging-related information.
 ==Systems Affected==
@@ Line 50: / Line 61: @@
 Systems which are expected to have implemented actors from this profile include:
-* Acquisition Modalities
+* Acquisition Modalities which are capable of saving Diagnostic Imaging information to PDI media.
-* Display Workstations
+* Display Workstations which are capable of either saving or viewing Diagnostic Imaging information to/on PDI media.
-* Reporting Workstations
+* Reporting Workstations which are capable of either saving or viewing Diagnostic Imaging/Report information to/on PDI media.
-* Radiology image management/archiving (i.e. picture and communication systems (PACS)
+* Radiology image management/archiving (i.e. picture and communication systems (PACS)which are capable of saving Diagnostic Imaging information to PDI media.
-* Workstations
+* Workstations which are capable of viewing imaging-related information through a Web Browser or Diagnostic Imaging-related information through the DICOM Viewer provided on the PDI media.
 '''Actors & Transactions:'''
@@ Line 67: / Line 78: @@
 [http://www.ihe.net/Technical_Framework/index.cfm#radiology IHE Radiology Technical Framework:]
-:* [http://www.ihe.net/Technical_Framework/upload/ihe_tf_rev8.pdf Vol. 1] - Section 15
+:* [http://www.ihe.net/Technical_Framework/upload/IHE_RAD_TF_Vol1.pdf Vol. 1] - Section 15
-:* [http://www.ihe.net/Technical_Framework/upload/ihe_tf_rev8-3.pdf Vol. 3] - Section 4.47, Appendices E and F provides additional informative text
+:* [http://www.ihe.net/Technical_Framework/upload/IHE_RAD_TF_Vol3.pdf Vol. 3] - Section 4.47, and Appendices E and F
+The Options for '''DVD, USB, Compression and Encryption''' are in '''Trial Implementation''':
+:* [http://www.ihe.net/Technical_Framework/upload/IHE-RAD_TF_Suppl_PDI_Extensions_2009-06-21.pdf PDI Extensions - 2009]
 '''Underlying Standards:'''
-:* ''<list standards on which this profile is based; if possible with links to sources>''
 :* [http://dicom.nema.org DICOM]
 :* [http://www.hl7.org HL7]
@@ Line 80: / Line 93: @@
 '''Related Profiles'''
-:* There are a number of "content profiles" describing the details of the DICOM Objects that may be placed on PDI media.  This includes:
+* [[Cross-Enterprise Document Media Interchange]] [XDM] complements PDI by adding XDS documents and metadata on the same CD.  It also handles USB memory and email attachments.
-:** Nuclear Medicine Image [NM] specifies Nuclear Medician images and result screens.
+* [[Import Reconciliation Workflow]] [IRWF] manages the import of DICOM images and reports from PDI discs, other CDs or film digitizers.
-:** Mammography Image [MAMMO] specifies Mammgoraphy images and evidence objects.
-:** Evidence Documents [ED{ specifies how data objects such as digital measuremens.
+Several "content profiles" specify DICOM Objects that may be placed on PDI media.
-:** Key Image Note [KIN] let users flag images as significant (e.g. for referring, for surgery, etc.) and adds notes.
+* [[Nuclear Medicine Image]] [NM] specifies Nuclear Medicine images and result screens.
-:** Simple Image and Numberic Report [SINR] specifies Diagnostic Radiology Reports.
+* [[Mammography Image]] [MAMMO] specifies Mammography images and evidence.
+* [[Evidence Documents]] [ED] specifies digital measurements.
+* [[Key Image Note]] [KIN] let users flag images as significant (e.g. for referring, for surgery, etc.) and add notes.
+* [[Simple Image and Numeric Report]] [SINR] specifies Diagnostic Radiology Reports.
+* [[Radiation Exposure Monitoring]] [REM] specifies radiation exposure reports.
-:* Cross-Enterprise Document Media [XDM]transfers XDS documents and metadata over CD-R and USB memory devices, and over email using a ZIP attachment.
-:* Import Reconciliation [IRWF] provides a mechanism for importing DICOM image data and diagnostic reports on CDs into the local enterprise.
 '''Consumer Information'''
-The [[{{{3|Profile FAQ Template}}}]] answers typical questions about what the Profile does.  ''<Replace the link with a link to the actual FAQ page for the Profile>''
+The [[Portable Data for Imaging FAQ]] answers typical questions about what the Profile does.
-The [[{{{3|Profile Purchasing Template}}}]] describes considerations when purchasing equipment to deploy this Profile.  ''<Replace the link with a link to the actual Purchasing page for the Profile>''
+[[Portable Data for Imaging Purchasing]] describes considerations when purchasing equipment to deploy this Profile.
 '''Implementer Information'''
-The [[{{{3|Profile Implementation Template}}}]] provides additional information about implementing this Profile in software.  ''<Replace the link with a link to the actual Implementation page for the Profile>''
+The [[Portable Data for Imaging Implementation]] provides additional information about implementing this Profile in software.
 '''Reference Articles'''
-''<List References (good and bad) (with link if possible) to Journal Articles that mention IHE's work (and hopefully include some analysis) >''
+* Standardizing Portable Medical Imaging Formats to Enhance Safe, Timely, Efficient Care; Board of Trustees Report, American Medical Association, Pg 6 [http://www.ama-assn.org/assets/meeting/mm/i-09-ref-comm-k-annotated.pdf link]
+* ACR–AAPM–SIIM Technical Standard for Electronic Practice of Medical Imaging. J.T. Norweck, et al., [http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs10278-012-9522-2.pdf SIIM & ACR Publication, Sept. 2012]
+* Medical Imaging Exchange. [http://motorcycleguy.blogspot.com/2012/01/medical-imaging-exchange.html Keith Boone's Blog, Jan 2012]
+* Importing outside imaging to PACS reduces repeat imaging. Lu MT, Tellis W, Fidelman N, Qayyum A, Avrin DE. American Journal of Roentgenology, in press.
+** [http://www.radiologytoday.net/archive/rt0611p8.shtml Related article in Radiology Today] - June 2011
+* Outside Imaging in Emergency Department Transfer Patients: CD Import Reduces Rates of Subsequent Imaging Utilization, Sodickson, A. MD et al, Radiology, (April 2011) [http://radiology.rsna.org/content/early/2011/04/07/radiol.11101956.full link] [http://www.rsna.org/Publications/rsnanews/August-2011/image_transfer_feature.cfm overview]
+* Policies and Procedures for Reviewing Medical Images From Portable Media: Survey of Radiology Departments, Vivek Kalia, MPH, MS, John A. Carrino, MD, MPH, Katarzyna J. Macura, MD, PhD, Journal of the American College of Radiology Volume 8, Issue 1 , Pages 39-48, January 2011 [http://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(10)00387-X/abstract link]
+** Radiology practices should routinely produce only CDs and DVDs that are compliant with the Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) Portable Data for Imaging (PDI) integration profile, according to a research team led by Vivek Kalia of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore [http://www.auntminnie.com/index.aspx?sec=sup&sub=pac&pag=dis&itemId=93737&wf=4173 Aunt Minnie]
+** [http://www.ihealthbeat.org/articles/2011/1/6/study-says-cd-dvd-issues-raise-concerns-among-radiologists.aspx#ixzz1ANgicaQE iHealthbeat Summary]
+* Reviewing Images From Portable Media: An Ongoing Challenge, Katarzyna J. Macura, MD, PhD, John A. Carrino, MD, MPH, Charles E. Kahn Jr, MD, MS, Journal of the American College of Radiology (Jan 2009), [http://wiki.ihe.net/images/e/e5/Macura_JACR_2009_Jan_ReviewingImagesFromPortableMedia.pdf link]
+* American Telemedicine Association’s Practice Guidelines for Teledermatology, E. Krupinski et al., Telemedicine and e-Health, April 2008, 14(3): 289-302
+* Outside Images on CD: A Management Nightmare, R. Morin, Journal of the American College of Radiology, Volume 2, Issue 11, Pages 958-958 (Nov 2005) [http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1546144005002309 link]
+* See also [[Import_Reconciliation_Workflow#See_Also|Import Reconciliation Workflow Profile references]]

Difference between revisions of "Portable Data for Imaging"

Revision as of 14:40, 19 July 2013

Contents

Summary

Benefits

Details

Systems Affected

Specification

See Also

Navigation menu

Search